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(1)Microprocessor
Introduction :-Microprocessor is used to Computer that is capable of accepting data
processing it and display the appropite output it is a heart of the system.
Working of microprocessor:-Different Part of microprocessor work together to
procerss the data and give the user
valuable information to process the data microprocessor accpts data from the
user process the data and Display the process information the part of
microprocessor are aiucu decode ,unit,Instruction,cache,Processor
prefetch,unit,bus,unit,data,unit,cache,Registor
Type of microprocessor:-microprocessor can bectassified into Two types.
(1)Cise:-Complex Intruction
set computing.
(2)Risc:-Reduced instruction
set computing.
Manufactures list of Microprocessrr:-
1.
Intel
2.
Amd
3 .Cyrire
4 .Motorala
:-Set to instell the process in the LTP Socket:-
1.
Chec the uoltage regurement from the Mother Board and the
Micripocessor
document action.
2.
Wire on anti-Static Wrist band.
3.
Place Motherboard on the work disk.
4.
Locute the Socket where the Microprocessor must be installed.
5. Jake the Microprocessor out of the anti Static bog
by holling the Microprocessor at the edges.
6. Check that all the pin on the underside of the
Microprocessor are Straight
7. Align the nakh on the Microprocessor with the
alignment notch on Mothere Board.
8. Gently plice the
Microprocessor in the Socket.
9. Press the Microprocessor firmly in the Socket Keeping in Mind no
Damage is
caused to the ping
Pentium 4 micro
procersor
(2) Memory
Introduction:- Memory is one of the fiction of brain that enable
to
Store and Remember the past events,Similarly.in
computer the term memory refers to a chip that stores date it also enable us to
retive the Store date.the Storage capacity of Memory deopend on the tupes of
memory package used.
Type of Memory:- Memory Can be devided in two types
1. Uolatile
2. Non Volatile
Classifid the memory:-
Classifid the memory:-
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200 Pin SCDHM
package
EDD DRAM
Plcc Bios Chip
172-Pin micro
DIMM package
168-Pin DIMM
Pavkage
Holding DDR 11
SDRAM
Dassified the Memory
Manufacturer List:-Hyundai,Hynix,Samsng,Centronics,Esys,
Fujitsu,avied,elixir
Installation
Step of DDR II SD Ram
1.
Wear an antistatic wrist band or hold a metal part of the classic
Before touching the system components
2.Shut
down the computer and disconnect the power cable from
smps
and all the peripheral devices attached to it
3.Remove
the computer cover
4.Remove
the card and internet comporents Such as sound card or
graphics card near the solt where Ram has to
be placed the helps
to get
easy access to the Ram Sockt.
5.Hols
the ddRII SDram module by the and without touching the
pins or chips.
6.Insert
the module stragh so that is per pendiculor to the
motherboard.
7.Close
theside on DDRII SDRam
8.Ensure
that the clip are lockted.
9.Replace
all card and internet components in a computer.
10.reconnect
the moitor keyboard and mouse but do not put cever.
11.The
check the amount of Ram turn on the computer the firesh
screen display the amount of Ram installed
or your can this form
the bios setting.
12.If
the amount of ram is not right than turn oft the computer and take out the
DDRII SDRam modly
13.try
to put it back in another slot and rebord computer.
14.Shut
down the computer and disconnected the peripheral again.
15put
the cover and reconnet all the components.
(3)Motherboard:-
Introduction:-Motherboard is the most
important crcuit board where all the component of a sysrem are conneeted the CPU hard driver,memory and every part of
system is conneted to the mothermoard by meams of slot connentor and socket.
Trpe of motherboard:-motherboard are classified in two types
1.Intergeated motherboard
2.Non Intergeated motherboard
Manufacture list:- Intel Gigabyte, Asus, Mercury, HP, Nvidia, Acer, Bioster, Compaq,
Digital IBM.
Installing a motherboard:-
1.Open the system case.
2.Attach the atx plate on the
rear part of system lare.
3.Ensure the at the ports for
mouse and keyboard and towords the
Power spply of the system.
4.Align the vplate in the
appropriate place by prossing the place
from inside the cabinet.
5.Install the stand off on
the system board tray of the cabinet in the
opprite lxation.
6.Place the motherboard on
system board tray of the cabinet after
fixing the stend by.
7.Altach the motherboard to
the drive tray by fixing the different
serew.
8.fallow the instruction on
the manual to connet there part to the
connectors on the morther board.
9.Fix the Atx Power connector
from the power syply to the
Motherboard.
10.Attch the upin fan
connector om the mother
board.
11.Attach the upine CPU Power
supply conneter near the CPU.
Non Integrated
Motherboad
Desktop Mother
board
Server
Motherbother
Motherbord Ready for installation
(4)SMPS.
Introduction:-Power supply is on electrical device and circuit the
power supply unit of the system mostly found in the top conner of the system
evse accpte the ac from power socket in the wall it then convert the Ac to Dc
for the system.
Types of SMPS:-There are two types of smps
1.LPS:-Linear power supply
2.SMPS:-Switn mode power
supply.
Manufacture list:-Samsung, Microter, I Boll.
Components of list:-
1.Transistor and other semi
conductor
2.Capacitor
3.Resistor, NTC thermestor
4.Transformer and inductor
5.Fan.
Parts of power
Supply unit
Installtion the power supply:-
1.Open the system insert
fower supply unit in the system case an
alige the screw holes of the power supply
unit.
2.Fix the screw of the system
eves with the screw of power supply
Unit.
3.Adsust the valtage selector
switch of the power supply unit to
115 v, or 220 v, or 230 v,
4.Connet the motherboard
connector and drive connectors of the
power supply unit to the motherboard.
5.Close the system.
6.Insert one and of the power
card to power unit and other end to
The power supply junction
7.Swich on the toggle swith
placed on the power supply unit.
(5)Floppy
Disk Drive
Introduction:-The floppy is an external storage device it is a
magnetic round disk enclosed in a plastic sacket the data is stored on the
magretic surface of the floppy disk we can transter data from one computer to
another uaing a floppy disk.The floppy disk drive read and write data to a
floppy disk.
Type of floppy disk:-There are two of
(1) 6.25” (2)3.5”
Componets of FDD:-
1.Read write head. 2.Head Acctuator.
3.Spindle mother. 4.Face plat.
5.Circuit board. 6.FDD
controller.
7.Connector. 8.Cable.
Inch floppy Disk
Manufacture list:-Samsung, Sony, Lomega
Install the FDD:-
1.Open the system care
2.Remove the plastic panel
from the of the system.
3.Slide the FD drive into the
care from outside system care.
4.Attach screw to the hoed
the floppy disk drive in place
5.Connect the power cable to
the floppy disk drive
6.Connect one end of the data
cable to the motherboard
7.Connect the twisked and the
data cable to the floppy disk drive
8.Close the system care.
3.5 Inct Floppy
Disk
Formating Fdd:-
Start
:-Run→Cmd→ok→Format a: →Press Enter.
Format
command are format a:\a→Guick format
Foramat
a:\u→Delete data Completery form Fd.
Format
a:\s→make a floppy a System boot disk
Formata:\v→Volume data.
Configure Fd:-
1.Start
the system.
2. Press del
3.Select
the standard Coms setting.
4.Select
the require Fd driver.
5.Modify
the opetion to display the installed FDD.
6.Save
and exit Bios setting.
(6)Hard
disk drive
Introduction:- A hard disk is a Secondary and Permanet data storage
devic that is placed in the system it is mode up of a manetic material that
help in storing data by following the magnetic recording techinlues the
cupecity of HDD 1GB to 160 GB.
Type of hard disk:-There are five type of HDD
(1)PATA (2)SATA (3)SCSI (4)EXTERNAL HARD DISK DRIVER
(5)Wireless hard Disk Drive.
Manufacture List:-Seugate,Samsung,Maxtor,Cheetab,Baracuda,Fujitsee,Hitachi
Lomega,Creati
Hard with
read/write head
Componet of HDD:-
(1)Platters (2)Read\Write head. (3)Head Acailater.
(4)Spindfe
\Mortor (5)Stepper Motor (6)Logic Boad
(7)HDD
Contraller (8)Air Filter.
To Install the kard disk:-
1.Configure
one hard disk as master and the other as slave.If you are installing tow hard
disk in the system on the same IDE cable.
2.Open
the system cover.
3.Locat
an empty driver day in the system care.
4.Insert
the hard disk into the drive bay and attavh thee screw to add hold it in place.
5.Connet
one and of the signal cade to the motherboard.
6.Connet
the other and of the Signal cable to the hard disk.
7.Connet
the power cable to the hard disk.
8.Connet
the second hard disk.If any to the System.
9.Close
the system.
10.Restart
the system and press Del
11.Browse
to the standard CMOS setup and ensure that the type opetion are set to Quto.
12.Save
and exit the BIOS.
13.Restart
the system.
14.Boot
from startup FD or CD.
15.Create
Partition on the HD using DM.
16.Formate
the Partition created.
(7)CD Ram
and CD drive:-
Introduction:-Cd’s are optical storage devices used to store and
distribute various form of data such as software,music,movies the data stored
on a cd can last for langer period as compared to FD.
Types of cd drive:-1.CD ROM
2.CD CR-RW 3.CD-DRIVE.
Manufucture list
:-Samsuug,sony,pholies,lomega,beng,Toshiba,IBM,compag,Hp,asus,creative
Components of CD Drive
1.Otical
head 2.Logic bouid 3.Head Acculatir 4.Spindle moter
5.Traj 6.Jumper
Install the cd drive:-
1.Aujest
the jumper as required on the cd rom
2.Open
the system case
3.Remove
a plastic panel from the front of the system case.
4.Insert
the cd.rom drive from the front side of system.
5.Attach
serews to fix cd.rom drive in the system case.
6.Connect
the audio cd cable to the cd.rom drive it speafied in the cd
documatim.
7.connect
the other end of the audio cd cable to the motherboard
8.Connect
the IDE cable to the motherboard
9.onnect
the 4 pin power adopter to the cd drive.
10.connect
the IDE cable connect to the cd drive
11.Close
the system case.
12.Start
the system.
13.Press
the del
oppears the bios setup menu page uppers
look that main menu page also
display the key reauired to brose the
different ofetion
14.Brouse
to the standard cmos setting opetion.
15.Press
enter to display the standard comos opetion.
16.set
the cd-rom drive as the primary or secondary master slave as
Installed
17.Press
esc to display the bios mainpage.
18.Save
and exit bios setup.
(8)DVD Rom.
Introcluction:- Digial versatile disk or digital video disk (DVD) is
a from of digital starage. DVD is used to
store inusic music-
music-video game and multimedia application
the storage
capacity of DVD is seven thimes that of cd.
DVD Driver
Mode of DVD:-
1.Poly
carbonate plastic
2.Thin
rafletive layer
3.Lacauer
Type of DVD:-
1.DVD-Rom, 2.DVD-Video, 3.DVD Audeo, 4.DVD R+R
5.DVD
Rw, DVD Rw 6.DVD-Ram, 7.DVD Ur ,DVD+Ur
8.Hd
DVD
Componets of DVD drive:-
1.Moter
2.Laser 3.Len 4.DVD Controller 5.Power Connector 6.Traking mechanism.
Fornt panel of
the DVD Drive
Manufacture List:-Samsung,Iball,IBM,Lg,song,Compaq,Hp,Asua,yahama,Beng,Tashiba.
Back panel of
the DVD Drive
Install the DVD Drive
1.Write
down the details of the DVD drive such as the model number and serial nimber.
2.Read
the DVD drive instaufion manal thorughty.
3.Wear
an anti-static writic band.
4.Shut
down the computer and turn off the power switch for additionly sofely remove
the power cable.
5.Remove
the system conver.
6.
Remove
the drive cover an the front of the system case.
7.Setting
of the jumper on the DVD drive.
8.Fixing
of the rails on the DVD drive.
9.Intertion
of the DVD drive in the GAP.
10.Use
the sereus to fix the drive to the system case.
11.Attach
the cdaudiocable to the computer to the connector of the DVD driver.
12.Attach
other end of the cable to the sound card on the mother board.
13.Plug
the IDE cable to the mother Board.
14.Connect
the IDE cable to the DVD drive.
15.Connet
the power adaptor to the drive.
16.Replace
the system case of computer.
17.Replace
the power card of the computer and turn the power on.
(9)Key
Board:-
Introduction:-Key board is the primary input devic of the pc.it is
used to enter communicate with the computer.
Type of key board :-
1.101-key 2.102-key 3.104key 4.Ergonomic key Board
5.Programable
Key Board 6.Multimedia Key
Board.
Programmal:le
keyboard
Multimedia
Keyboard
Co-dless keyboard
Manufacture List:-Logitech,Sumsng,Tvse gold,Ritco
mp,Microsoft,IBM,Hp,Creative,Iball,Lg.
Install the Key Board:-
1.connect
ps12 Key Board in serial.
2.To
Connect USB port the Key Board.
3.Install
software from cd-rom control panel.
(10)Mouse
Introduction:- It is a device that enable a computer user to move
course or pointer to specific point on the usage of the mouse greatly reuduces
the exelent of usage of keyboard
Type of Mouse :- (1)
machainical (2) Opomechanical Mouse
(3) Optical Mouse (4) Cordless Mouse
Mechanical
Mouse
Optomechanical
Mouse
Optical mouse
Cordless Mouse
Monufacture List:- logitess Samsung,Lg,Creative Microsoft
Microlere Iball
Connect a Serial mouse :-
(1)
connect the other end of the mouse cable to serial port it there are no
Serial devices connected to computand
there are two serial port take care
connect the mouse to the Ist op.
(2)
To
connect ps/2 mouse :- connect the
other end of the mouse cable
To the ps/2 port be care ful to connect the correct ps/2 port
(3)
To
connect USB mouse :-connect the
other end of the usb mouse to busb port
on the pc it there are other usb device connect the mouse to the usb hub
(11) Modem:-
Introduction:- Mdem is a Communication dive that enables a
computer to transfer data over the telephone or cable line the word is modem is
short form per modulator/Demodulater.
Type of modem:-There is two type of modem.
1.Internal 2.Externals
Internal Modem
External Modem
Classified the modem:-
1.x2
modem 2.Vgo modem 3.ISDN modem
4.DSL
modem
Manufacture list:-Dlink,dax,microtak,us Robotics,3 com,Amax.
Install the internal modem:-
1.Remove
cure cover.
2.Select
a free pci slot.
3.Remove
the cover from the slot and keep the screw safely.
4.Hold
the modem by its edgs do not touch to connertor pin of the modem.
5.Carefull
shide me internal modem into slot.
6.Firmly
press on the top of the modem to roll the card into the slot.
7.Lock
the modem to the system with help of screw.
8.Place
the system cover back.
9.Locate
the two phons sank labled phone and line on the back of system.
10.Plug
one end of the phons cable into line jack and other to the phone cable into
phone quhel.
11.Plug
one end of another phone cable into the telephone twis slot is optional.
12.Reconnect
all the cable and swith on the computer window ols will automatically detect
anew devic and display a wizard to install a modem.
13.Follow
the step to complete the instruction.
(12) Scanner:-
Introduction:-A sanner is a device that translate data on a sheet of
paper to a form that can be stored on a computer the basic fuction of a scanner
is to convert document to a digital format.
Type of scanner :-
1.Flat
bed scanner 2.Slide sanner
3.Sheelfed 3.Drum scnner.
Flalbed Scanner
Sheet fed
Scanner
Slide Scanner
Drum Scanner
Manufacture list:- Hp,samsang,umax,agfa,Epson,Microtex,cannon.
To install a parallel port scanner:-
1.Place
the scanner on a flat smooth and near the computer.
2.Attach
the 25 pin end of the cable to the parallel Port of the computer teisten the
side screus and the cable end.
3.Attach
other end of the side screus and the cable to the appropriate slot on the back
of the scanner.
4.Connect
one end of the power card to the scanner and outher end to a power out let some
scanner turn on by them seve at this lage.
5.Connect
the printer cable to the printer slot of the scanner.
6.Turn
the Computer on window will detect the new hardware throught its plug and play
feature.
7.Follow
the instruction on the computer and insert the installation cd or disk .When
promted by windows.
8.Read
the manual for instruction on scting for the scanner and also to run a test scan.9.Calibrate
the scanner according to the instruction in the manul.
(13) SCSI
Driver:-
Introduction:-the small computer
system inferface pronounced as skuzzy enable you to attach hardware
controller the communicate with the system the scsi cable are used to connect
the scsi drive to the scsi controller and the scsi drive .
Type of scsi edrive:-there are many drive
(1)SCS_1 (2) SCSI_2
(3)SCSI_3 (4)Narrow scsi
(5)wide
Scsi (6)fast
Scsi
(7)Wide
wltra ScsI.
10000 RPM SC
Install on ijnternal Scsi drive :-
1.
open the system cure .
2.
Set the Scsi Id for the drive using the
jumper or the Swith
3.
Lacate an device in the drive braket and instert Screw hold the drive in
Place
4.
Insert the drvice in the drive breket and instert serew hold the device in
Place
5.
Insert one end of the Scsi cable to the hold adapter.
6.Insert
the other end of the scsi cable at the back of the device
7.Insert
the power connertor in the device
8.Terminate
the ends of the scsi enable if the Terminate are not already
Installed
9.Close
the sustem care
10.Install
the as on the doice if it is the only hard disk on the system and confiyure the
device using the hardware wizard.
(14)Monitor
Introduction:-The monitor is on output device that display on the
screen the information that is reauested by the user from the system.
Types of
monitor:-There are three type of
monitor
1.Cothode ray tube monitor (CRT)
2.Liaide crystal display (LCD)
3.Thin film transistor (TFT)
CRT Moniter
CD Moniter
Fi moniter
Manufacture
list:-He samsung, Hce, Sony, LG,
Install the
monitor:-
1.Connect one end of power card to the power port at the bake of the
monitor.
2.Connect
the other end of power card to the power output or the system power supply.
3.Chech
the monitor using the built in power on self test.
4.Connect
one end of the singnal cable to the video port at the bake of the monitor
if it is not realy connected to the
monitor.
5.Connect
the other end of the signal cable to the bake of the system care to the video
adaptor.
6.Turn
to hard serew of the signal cable to lock the signal cable to the system case.
(15)Printer
Introduction:-It is a peripheral output device. It prints are
boardly classified in two groups.
Types of printer:-There are two of printer.
1.Impact
printer
2.Non-Impact
printer
1.Inkjet
printer
2.Laser
printer
Dotratrix
Printer
Inkjet Printer
Bubble Jet
Printer
Working of
laser Printer
Laser Printer
Menufacture
list:-Hp, Samsung, Epson, Wipro, Tvs, Xeon, Oliweth,
Panasonic, Lexmark, Printo mix.
To Assemble
the inkjet printer:-
1.Connect
the logic board to the printer.
2.Connect
the cable of the motor to logic board.
3.Connect
the data cable to the logic board.
4.Connect
the paper assembly to the printer.
5.Connect
the cartage carable able to the logic board.
6.Connect
the cable from the logic board.
7.Insert
the cartage in the cantage caradle.
8.Connect
the printer cover.
9.Connect
the printer button cover.
10.Connect
the logic board cover.
11.Connect
the paper tray to the printer.
12.Connect
the paper out try to the printer.
13.Connect
the paper length adjudster to the printer.
To
osselnble the laser printer:-
1.Connect
the cable for the printer motor to the motherboard.
2.Connect
the mainboard at button of the printer.
3.Connect
the mainboard cable to the logic board.
4.Connect
the data cable to the logic board.
5.Connect
the logic board at the button of the printer above the mainboard.
6.Fix
the logic board by tighting the serews.
7.Connet
the bockcover to the printer.
8.Fix
the back cover by lighting the screws.
9.Connet
the front cover to the printer.
10.connect
the delivary assembly to the printer.
11.Fix
the delivery assembly by tighting the screws using screw drivers.
12.Connect
the cable from the mainboard to the CD
board.
13.Connect
the cable form the main board to the printer moter.
14.Connect
the toner cartage to the printer.
(16) Portable
Pc
Introduction:-Portable pcs are highly used in fited.such as education
seience and business among other in a desktop pc the monitor,keyboard mouse and
speaker are attach separtly and the component are easier to upgrade.
Type of portable pcs:-
1.Loptop 2.Note book
3.Sub
Note book 4.Palmtop and pen.
Loptop
Suba Book
Manafacture list:-Hp,IBM,Compaq,Acer,Jell,Hcl,Wipro,Pcs,Zenith,LG,Samsung,Gigabyte,
Tosiba.
Assemble a loptop:-
1.Align
the CPU with the socket.
2.Fix
the cpu by tighting the screw on the cpu socket.
3.Mount
the head sink and fan in the eir space.
4.Cover
the CPU moniter.
5.Insert
memory module in the memory chamber.
6.Install
the internal Wi-fi card.
7.Fix
the wi-fi card by pushing the clips with the help of screw drive head.
8.Fix
the cover on to the memory chamber by lighting the screw.
9.Mount
the hard driver on to a braket into chamber .
10.Fix
the drive braket using the two screws on each side of the drive.
11.Slide
the drive braket into HD chamber with the IDE pins going into connector.
12.Put
the cover on the hard drive chamber.
13.Take
the battery out from the accessory box and insert it.
(17) BIOS/CMOS
Introduction:-The BIOS is a software or firmware that enable you
to start the system it perform the basic
maintance of the system by checking all the hardward connected to the
system load the os the bios running in memory consists of all the various drive
that interface to hardware os .
Function of Bios:-post,setup Bios Boot,Strap,loader
Manufacture list:-Ami,award phoenix ,Biostar
To Back the Bios:-
1.Start the system.
2.Press
del
3.Brouser
and display the standard cmos set up page.
4.Write
down the different setting manually or press print screw.
5.Return
to the main menu replace the above steps for backing up the different opetion.
Dip BIOS Chip
Replace the BIOS chip:-
1.Open
the system case.
2.Locate
the bios chip in the system.
3.Peel
off the stickers and lablets that are fixed on the bios chip.
4.Remove
the chip using a screw drive a pen kinife.
5.Place
the new bios chip over the socket.
6.Press
the bios chip firmly into space.
Recover the system from a filed bios
update:-
1.Turn
off the power supply.
2.Open
the system case.
3.Locate
the flash memory jumper.
4.Set
the jumper to the recovery mode.
5.Turn
on power supply.
6.Insert
the bios upgrade disk in the FDD.
7.Start
the system.
8.Shut
down the system when the system prompt you to restart the system.
9.Shut
down the system.
10.Turn
off the power supply.
11.Set
the first recovery jumper to thre default mode.
12.Close
the system case.
13.Turn
on the power supply.
14.Start
the system with the bios upgrade disk in FDD.
15.Follow
setps to upgrade bios.
(18) Assembling
PC:-
Introduction:-Assembling a computer in values connecting internet
and external components internal components include the ones thst are installes
in side a system casta such as mother board,ram,disk drive,smps,and daughter
card.
Require components to assembling pc:-
1.Network
interface card. 2.Sound
card.
3.Display
card. 4.Cd Rom.
5.Audio
cable for Cd-Rom. 6.Floppy
drive.
7.Floppy
drive cable. 8.IDE
cable.
Assembling a computer:-
1.Open
the system case.
2.Configure
the mother board.
3.Installing
the mother board.
4.Installing
the processor.
5.Installing
the memory.
6.Mounting
the disk driver.
7.Mounting
the FDD.
8.Mounting
to the CD-ROM.
9.Connecting
different peripheral device.
(19) Dis-Assembling
PC:-
Introduction:-The process of dis-assembling a computer is just the
reserue of assembling a computer.
To Dis-Assembling PC:-
1.Remove
the case cover.
2.Dis
connecting the internal cable.
3.Removing
the device cable.
4.Removing
the Ram.
5.Removing
the processing fan.
6.Removing
the Processor.
7.Removing
the mother board.
8.Removing
the cooling fan.
9.Removing
the power supply box.
(20) Antivirus
Software:-
Introduction:-An antivirus software as like a guard that indentifies
and destroy virus on your system before the virus can cause any serious damage
to the system such as deliting important file or formatting your system.
Type of computer virus:-
1.Boot
virus 2.Polymorphics
virus.
3.Macro
virus. 4.Worms
5.Trojons 6.Spyware.
Manufacture list:-Norton,mcaffce,eslan,trend,micro,avg.symantac,E-trust,Quickleal,F-secure,micro
world,Norman.
Install Nortan antivirus 2006:-
1.Insert
the nortan antivirus 2006 CD in CD drive.
2.Browse
the CD and locate the software setup file.
3.Double
click the setup file.
4.Click
the install button.
5.Click
the next button.
6.Click
the view button.
7.Click
the next button.
8.Select
the appropriate destionation folder.
9.Click
the next button.
10.Select
the restart window now.
11.Click
finish button.
12.Click
the next button.
13.Select
the appropriate opetion and click the next button.
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